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女人们的哀嚎——《伊利亚特》尾歌

张祈 发表于: 2008-1-16 22:45 来源: 今天

女人们的哀嚎——《伊利亚特》尾歌


原作 荷马
英译 Samuel Butler
中文 张祈



On this the people stood asunder, and made a way for the waggon.
然后,站立的人群分开,给马车让出一条道路。
When they had borne the body within the house they laid it upon a
当他们抬着尸体走进房子,把赫克托耳放在一张床上,
bed and seated minstrels round it to lead the dirge, whereon the women
那些围坐着的歌手开始引领着唱起挽歌,女人们
joined in the sad music of their lament. Foremost among them all
在上面用她们的恸哭加入这哀伤的曲调。把强悍的赫克托耳的头
Andromache led their wailing as she clasped the head of mighty
紧紧地搂在怀里,安德洛玛刻最先在她们所有人中间
Hector in her embrace. "Husband," she cried, "you have died young, and
开始了嚎啕。“我的丈夫,”她哭泣着,“你死得好年轻,
leave me in your house a widow; he of whom we are the ill-starred
留下我成为你家里的寡妇;我和这孩子是多么不幸的一对——
parents is still a mere child, and I fear he may not reach manhood.
那个属于赫克托耳的可怜的婴儿!我怕他不会长大成人,
Ere he can do so our city will be razed and overthrown, for you who
就在他学会走路之前,我们的城堡就会被阿开亚人掀翻,夷为平地
watched over it are no more- you who were its saviour, the guardian of
——你向外张望的眼睛里也不会再有任何东西!你是城堡的救星,
our wives and children. Our women will be carried away captives to the
是我们这些妇女和孩子的守护神。可是你死了,我们这些女人,将会被
ships, and I among them; while you, my child, who will be with me will
俘虏后赶上船;那时你,我的孩子,你将和我一起靠岸,
be put to some unseemly tasks, working for a cruel master. Or, may be,
去干一份肮脏的工作,任凭一个残暴的主人差遣。或者,也许,
some Achaean will hurl you (O miserable death) from our walls, to
会有阿开亚人把你从我们的城墙上把你抛下,(啊死得多么可怜!)
avenge some brother, son, or father whom Hector slew; many of them
为他们死去的兄弟,儿子或者父亲报仇,因为是赫克托耳杀死了他们;
have indeed bitten the dust at his hands, for your father's hand in
他们中的许多人已经在你父亲面前倒下,死去,嘴啃泥土,
battle was no light one. Therefore do the people mourn him. You have
你的父亲杀死他们时从不手软。正是因此,人们才在这儿为他的死而哀悼,痛哭。
left, O Hector, sorrow unutterable to your parents, and my own grief
你走了,啊,赫克托耳,把难以言传的痛楚留给了你的双亲,可是这全城的人里,
is greatest of all, for you did not stretch forth your arms and
是我,你的妻子,我的苦和痛最重!你躺死在那里,不会再张开你的臂膀
embrace me as you lay dying, nor say to me any words that might have
来抱我,也不能再和我说一句话,以后陪伴我的只有
lived with me in my tears night and day for evermore."
那满眼的泪水和那永无休止的白天与黑夜!

[ 本帖最后由 张祈 于 2008-1-17 02:11 编辑 ]

最新回复

张祈 at 2008-1-17 18:58:03
Bitterly did she weep the while, and the women joined in her lament.
她哭得悲痛欲绝,女人们也和她一起流泪呼喊。
Hecuba in her turn took up the strains of woe. "Hector," she cried,
接着,赫卡贝开始了她变声的哭嚎。“赫克托耳,”她数念着,
"dearest to me of all my children. So long as you were alive the
“你是我所有的儿子中最可爱的一个。当你还活着时,神祗们
gods loved you well, and even in death they have not been utterly
都是那样宠爱你,就算现在你死了,他们也从来没有把你
unmindful of you; for when Achilles took any other of my sons, he
完全抛弃;当阿基硫斯把我的儿子们一个个从我身边夺走,
would sell him beyond the seas, to Samos Imbrus or rugged Lemnos;
越过大海,把他们象奴隶般卖到萨摩斯,英伯罗斯和道路崎岖的莱姆诺斯;
and when he had slain you too with his sword, many a time did he
当他用他的剑也把你杀死,并把你的尸体拖曳着,一次次一圈圈地
drag you round the sepulchre of his comrade- though this could not
在他的伙伴帕特罗克洛斯的坟边转来转去——可是这也不能让那已死者
give him life- yet here you lie all fresh as dew, and comely as one
继续活下去——你躺在这儿,像早晨的露水般清新,你是那样英俊,
whom Apollo has slain with his painless shafts."
好象是那阿波罗用他无痛的箭矢射中了你。

[ 本帖最后由 张祈 于 2008-1-17 19:00 编辑 ]
张祈 at 2008-1-17 19:42:28
Thus did she too speak through her tears with bitter moan, and
她这样呻吟着,哭诉着,泪水奔流,后面
then Helen for a third time took up the strain of lamentation.
是海伦,她第三个站出来,继续那令人心碎的悲悼。
"Hector," said she, "dearest of all my brothers-in-law-for I am wife
“赫克托耳,”她说,“在我丈夫的兄弟们中间,你是我最亲爱的人!
to Alexandrus who brought me hither to Troy- would that I had died ere
我是亚历克山德罗斯的妻子,是他把我带到特洛伊——我还不如在他
he did so- twenty years are come and gone since I left my home and
带来我之前死去!——二十个年头来了又去,自从我离开故乡,
came from over the sea, but I have never heard one word of insult or
远渡重洋到达这里,可是我在你的嘴里,没有听到过任何
unkindness from you. When another would chide with me, as it might
一个侮辱我的词或者不亲切友善的句子。而当别的人斥责我,
be one of your brothers or sisters or of your brothers' wives, or my
无论是我丈夫的兄弟姐妹,还是那些兄弟们的妻子,还是
mother-in-law- for Priam was as kind to me as though he were my own
我丈夫的母亲——他的父亲普里阿摩斯对我慈祥得就像我的亲生
father- you would rebuke and check them with words of gentleness and
父亲——你都会出面谴责和阻止他们,或者用温和而善意的话语让他们改变
goodwill. Therefore my tears flow both for you and for my unhappy
心意。我滚落的泪水既是为你,也是为了我自己不幸的
self, for there is no one else in Troy who is kind to me, but all
命运。因为在特洛伊,除了你就没有人再对我那样友好,他们
shrink and shudder as they go by me."
在我旁边走过时,都会像遇到瘟疫一样颤栗着把我躲避。”

[ 本帖最后由 张祈 于 2008-1-18 14:57 编辑 ]
张祈 at 2008-1-18 19:13:24
She wept as she spoke and the vast crowd that was gathered round her
她这样边哭边讲,拥围在她身边的人群也一片悲声。
joined in her lament. Then King Priam spoke to them saying, "Bring
此时,普里阿摩斯,那位年迈的国王开始大声对所有人高喊:
wood, O Trojans, to the city, and fear no cunning ambush of the
“啊,特洛伊人,你们快去砍伐木头,把它们运到城里来,不要畏惧
Argives, for Achilles when he dismissed me from the ships gave me
那些阿哥斯人的狡诈伏击,阿基硫斯放我离开那条海船时,已经
his word that they should not attack us until the morning of the
向我承诺,在第十二个黎明降临之前,他和他的军队将不会再来
twelfth day."
进攻我们。


Forthwith they yoked their oxen and mules and gathered together
于是所有人立即行动,套好了牛车和骡车,聚集在那高大的
before the city. Nine days long did they bring in great heaps wood,
城堡前面。连续九天,他们砍运来高高垛起、堆积如山的木柴。
and on the morning of the tenth day with many tears they took trave
当第十天的黎明照亮大地时,他们含着眼泪抬出了英勇的
Hector forth, laid his dead body upon the summit of the pile, and
赫克托耳,把他的遗体平放在那高耸柴堆的顶端,然后用
set the fire thereto. Then when the child of morning rosy-fingered
火把把柴堆点燃。当年轻的黎明垂下玫瑰色的手指重现天际,
dawn appeared on the eleventh day, the people again assembled, round
也就是第十一天,城堡里的人们又再次汇聚,围拢到焚烧过
the pyre of mighty Hector. When they were got together, they first
强壮的赫克托耳的柴堆旁。集合起来后,他们先是用
quenched the fire with wine wherever it was burning, and then his
芳香的醇酒浇灭了那依然还在燃烧的火焰,接着,
brothers and comrades with many a bitter tear gathered his white
含着苦痛的泪水,赫克托耳的兄弟们和伙伴们收捡起那英雄的
bones, wrapped them in soft robes of purple, and laid them in a golden
白骨,用柔软的紫袍裹好,把它们放进一个金瓮里。
urn, which they placed in a grave and covered over with large stones
他们把金瓮放入墓穴,然后用许多巨大的石头把坟口紧密
set close together. Then they built a barrow hurriedly over it keeping
封严。他们仓促而忙碌地筑起赫克托耳的坟墓,四周每个方向都布置好
guard on every side lest the Achaeans should attack them before they
卫护的士兵,唯恐阿开亚人不等他们埋葬完毕就向他们发起
had finished. When they had heaped up the barrow they went back
突然进攻。当他们堆好了那高大的坟,特洛伊人再次返回
again into the city, and being well assembled they held high feast
他们的城堡,在他们的国王普里阿摩斯的宫殿里再次聚集,
in the house of Priam their king.
分享祭奠那死去者的盛宴。


Thus, then, did they celebrate the funeral of Hector tamer of  horses.
就是这样,特洛伊人用盛大的礼仪埋葬了赫克托耳,那驯马的英壮。

[ 本帖最后由 张祈 于 2008-1-18 19:23 编辑 ]
张祈 at 2008-1-19 15:36:43
英译者萨缪尔/巴特勒把原文删节了很多,也许是他感觉过于累赘的缘故,尤其是那些人物前的装饰性词语。总体而言,感觉英译“瘦削”了许多,音调上不如原文那样铿锵,当然随之而来的好处就是语言的流畅。
读荷马史诗有点像读中国的《三国演义》和《水浒传》,每个英雄出场说书人都先要张罗一番。而那些数目繁多的岛屿和人名更像是佛经开篇中的菩萨和罗汉们。啊,“我无法入睡。荷马。紧绷的风帆”,曼德尔施塔姆的梦呓。
这对我仿佛也是个启示,我的译本里面也并没有完全紧随英译,一些地方也加入了我个人的理解。

[ 本帖最后由 张祈 于 2008-1-19 15:43 编辑 ]
cq13700 at 2008-3-19 14:11:35
读来流畅。比那些拗口晦涩的翻译要好得多。
斤斥折拆 at 2008-3-19 14:19:48
什么是这里的“原文”?


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